TGFB1 and breast cancer: Again intriguingly, for HPV-induced cervical cancer just the opposite mechanism, a TGF-β/Smad4-mediated increase of miR-182 has been reported and in breast cancer TGF-β was described to mediate BRCAness and PARP sensitivity by induction of miR-181, which was also reported to reduce the expression of BRCA1 and ATM (15, 16).