CD274 and small cell lung carcinoma: Similarly, the use of chemotherapy alone was standard for patients with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) until the results of two landmark trials, IMpower-133 and CASPIAN, were published in 2018 and 2019 leading to the respective FDA approval of the anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) atezolizumab and durvalumab in combination with platinum/etoposide in the first-line setting [11, 12].