Not all the functions of Translin and Trax require endoribonuclease activity; however, the RNase activity causes premature degradation of precursor-miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) of tumour suppressor miRNAs in cancers that have insufficiency in the RNase III Dicer, which, when at normal levels processes pre-miRNA to mature tumour suppressing miRNAs. The gene discussed is DROSHA; the disease is neoplasm.