It is critical for development of immune cells such as NK, Th17, and CD8α+ dendritic cells, and is involved in macrophage activation, IgE class switching, and polarization of T cell responses.[19, 20] E4BP4 is also implicated in regulation of circadian rhythms via repressing the expression of PERs and may be regarded as a component of molecular clock.[17] In addition, E4BP4 has an important role in osteoblast function, heart failure, ovulation, and cell metabolism.[21] However, the E4BP4's role in the hippocampus and its relevance to cognitive function are largely unknown. The gene discussed is NFIL3; the disease is heart failure.