In a prospective study on 26 NSCLC patients treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab, increased blood levels of IFN-γ and in addition other cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8) at the time of diagnosis and 3 months after the start of the treatment were significantly correlated with improved response to immunotherapy and prolonged OS, while no correlation with PD-L1 expression was found (116). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.