Vila et al. (2000) found that the level of IL-6 increased sharply within 24 h of experimental stroke. At the same time, the patients with END after AIS have a higher expression level of IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma than those whose clinical symptoms improved or stabilized (Vila et al., 2000). Recent research reported that AIS patients with END had an increased expression level of IL-6 compared with AIS patients without END. A previous study has suggested that IL-6 could exacerbate the damage to the brain and disrupt the proliferation of neural stem cells (Acalovschi et al., 2003). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is Stroke.