TAN can’t only promote tumor angiogenesis by secreting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the extracellular matrix (ECM), but also inhibit CD8T cells and produce immunosuppressive environment by secreting arginase 1 (Xiao et al., 2021). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.