Although SIV closely recapitulates HIV-1 infection, pathogenesis, and genetic diversity [52–55], the SIV NHP model for evaluating HIV-1 mAb-based interventions is under-utilized, largely owing to the high neutralization resistance of challenge strains [14,18,56] and the paucity of broadly reactive SIV Env-specific mAbs analogous to HIV-1 bnAbs. The gene discussed is ERVW-1; the disease is HIV-1 infection.