Notably, we also found that modulators of ER stress act synergistically with LSD1 and G9a inhibitors to further increase the death of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that modulating ER stress may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for ESCC when combined with inhibitors of LSD1 and/or G9a. This evidence concerns the gene KDM1A and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.