TNF and atherosclerosis: The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were involved in lipid metabolism, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, atherosclerosis, osteoclast differentiation, tuberculosis, phagosome, TNF signaling pathway, rheumatoid arthritis, Leishmaniasis, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, and IL-17 signaling pathway (Figure 3B).