Then, we analyzed associations between the two imaging modalities and a set of CSF biomarkers measured using the Roche NeuroToolKit which are known to be altered in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, namely markers of amyloid-β (CSF Aβ42/40) and tau pathology (p-tau and t-tau), synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin), neuronal and axonal injury (NfL), glial activation [sTREM2, YKL40, GFAP, cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100b)] and α-synuclein. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.