Recent studies have reported that CXCR3 expression levels in clinical tumor specimens correlate with metastatic potential and patient prognosis, making it feasible to use the CXCL9, ‐10, ‐11/CXCR3 axis as a predictor of treatment outcomes, although the relationship between expression of these three ligands and tumor recurrence or metastasis remains controversial.31, 306, 307. Here, CXCL9 is linked to neoplasm.