XIAP and breast carcinoma: Using triple-negative cell lines, novel isotype-matched clonal isolates of tumor cells surviving exposure to acute/chronic stress stimuli, and genetically modified breast cancer cell variants with differential XIAP expression, we reported that XIAP upregulation allows tumor cells to survive in the presence of stressors like oxidative-24,28 and immune-mediated27,32 cell death stimuli, leading to clonal outgrowth of multi-drug resistant tumor cell populations26,33.