However, in CS patients aged ≥60 years with no albumin deficiency on day1, compared with the crystalloid-only group, we found early albumin combination was associated with reduced 30-day mortality (54 vs. 33%, P = 0.035) and 60-day mortality (57 vs. 35%, P = 0.036; Supplementary Table 4). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is Cowden syndrome 1.