However, since P. falciparum parasites are highly specific for human red blood cells (hRBC) and exhibit a sexual development drastically different from that of rodent malaria parasites, the use of a humanized mouse model is the most relevant approach to validate the effect of PDE inhibitors in vivo (Moreno-Sabater et al., 2018). The gene discussed is ALDH7A1; the disease is malaria.