TSP-1 can activate TGF-β 1-3 isoforms, whereas integrin-dependent TGF-β activation affects only TGF-β1 and 3 activation: since TGF-β2 is a primary factor in glaucoma, this suggests a significant role for TSP-1 in regulating TGF-β1 and 2 activity in glaucoma (Murphy-Ullrich and Downs, 2015; Murphy-Ullrich and Suto, 2018). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and glaucoma.