Similarly, sequencing of candidate genes involved in neuromuscular or neurodegenerative diseases related to sIBM, and whole exome sequencing of genes encoding proteins overrepresented in rimmed vacuoles from skeletal muscle, identified rare variants in the VCP (valosin containing protein), SQSTM1 (sequestosome1) and FYCO1 genes in sIBM patients (32, 33). This evidence concerns the gene VCP and neurodegenerative disease.