Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome (as reflected by the increased level of cleaved caspase-1) and ASC speck-like aggregates were found in the hippocampus of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (Ising et al., 2019) as well as in a mouse model of tau pathology (Tau22 mice which expressed human tau mutation for FTD) (Schindowski et al., 2006). The gene discussed is PYCARD; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.