CXCL13 and neoplasm: While some studies provided evidence that high intratumoral CXCL13 expression was associated with a favorable prognosis and had an independent influence on patient survival,11,19 others showed opposite results.18,26 In the current study, we found that mouse TNBC 4T1 transfected to overexpress CXCL13 showed significant in vivo tumor growth inhibition in immune-competent mice, and at the same time, mediated long-term protective antitumor immunity and rejection of distal parental tumor.