Multiple completed phase III trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of ICIs-based combination therapy (including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy plus anti-angiogenetic therapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus CTLA-4 inhibitors, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus CTLA-4 inhibitors plus chemotherapy) as the first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.