ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Molecular targeted therapy such as EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI have become the standard first-line therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC with positive driver gene mutations, significantly prolonging the survival period and improving the quality of life of patients. However, the “bottleneck” of molecular targeted therapy lies in that secondary mutations often occur during treatment, resulting in drug resistance.3,4 After chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy, the treatment of advanced NSCLC has entered a new era of immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).5