MMP12 and colonic neoplasm: Another down-regulated gene in the GLSF-treated group was the inflammatory chemokine Cxcl1, which is involved in enhanced metastatic potential of colon cancer by increasing cell migration, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) expression, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and therefore has a negative prognostic impact to the clinical outcome.49 Probably associated with Cxcl1 down-regulation, three MMP genes were among the top 20 down-regulated genes: MMP10, MMP13, and MMP12.