PDCD1 and neoplasm: Subgroup analysis revealed that the median PFS in the PD1 + RT group was significantly longer than in the TACE + sorafenib group across subgroups based on age ≥ 53, HBV infection, maximum tumor diameter < 10 cm, MVI, absence of extrahepatic metastasis, BCLC stage C, no prior TACE, prior hepatectomy, or no prior systemic therapy.