Our results are in agreement with previous reports of increased Vegfc and Vegfd expression during pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice and men.30,33–35 Importantly, inhibition of lymphangiogenesis in mice, by VEGFR3-blocking antibodies, uncovered lymphatic rarefaction post-TAC, which aggravated cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy, and perivascular fibrosis, and accelerated development of cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodelling. Here, FLT4 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.