It is worthy of note that, contrary to expectation, the expression of NLRC4, an inflammasome component associated with the augmentation of neuro-inflammation and cognitive decline during AD (Saadi et al., 2020), was significantly higher in the probiotic fed mice compared to the control although elevations did not adversely affect the expressions levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in the whole brain extracts of these mice. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Alzheimer disease.