CTLA4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: A recent study showed that a combination of anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 to treat metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) resulted in a better response than was achieved with conventional single antibody immunotherapy, as shown by increased patient life expectancy and the inhibition of new metastasis (Antonia et al., 2016; Hellmann et al., 2017).