Interestingly, mean measures of renal dysfunction (serum urea, creatinine, cystatin C and uric acid; and microalbumin) were all elevated in HCM cases, although high urine microalbumin in HCM cases did not reach statistical significance (p-value = 0.065) due to wide range of values and relatively few patients who had this measured. Here, CST3 is linked to Abnormal renal physiology.