TNF and COVID-19: Though most monoclonal antibodies are designed to inhibit the spike protein, one cannot deny that COVID-19 is also characterized by a “cytokine storm” which is accompanied by increased secretion of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, most notably IL-6 and IL-1β along with IL-17, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), G-CSF, IL-8, IP-10, CCL3, GM-CSF and MCP-1.99 Hence monoclonal antibodies which can dampen the effect of this inflammatory response can also be considered to be an important therapeutic component in the COVID-19 battle (Fig. 7).