Furthermore, activation of PPARα attenuates obesity, increases fatty acid oxidation, restores glucose homeostasis by preventing the development of obesity induced insulin resistance and supresses obesity-induced increase in inflammatory cytokines such as, TNFα by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa β signalling pathway and reduces macrophage derived inflammation [46,47,48,49,50]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.