However, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [15] and the actin cytoskeleton-regulating GTPase Rac1 [16] have been reported to act as major factors underlying contraction-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscles, thus revealing AMPK and Rac1 as crucial components of the complex molecular machinery by which different exercise modes can effectively manage T2DM. The gene discussed is RAC1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.