Mouse studies have explored local intrahepatic chronic inflammatory responses in hepatocarcinogenesis in the context of NASH, finding that TNF derived from inflammatory liver macrophages is crucial in the development of NASH and steatohepatitic HCC in major urinary protein (MUP)-urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) [62]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.