In rat sepsis model by CLP and the model of LPS-induced neuronal damage, matairesinol exerted neuronal protection, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects by upregulating AMPK and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways and inactivating the MAPK and NF-κB pathways, thereby ameliorating sepsis-mediated brain injury [93]. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and Sepsis.