Genetic defects in expression of some melanogenic enzymes (TYR, TYRP1) or other melanin synthesis regulators (P protein, SLC45A2,) result in oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-OCA4) and visual function impairment, demonstrating the importance of melanin for proper ocular function [146,147]. The gene discussed is SLC45A2; the disease is oculocutaneous albinism.