Experimental and clinical studies have confirmed that the mechanisms of harmful effects of elevated uric acid on cardiovascular health, including increased oxidative stress [4,47,48,49], decreased availability of nitric oxide and endothelial dysfunction [50], promotion of local and systemic inflammation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell, insulin resistance [51,52] and metabolic dysregulation [18,53]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.