IL6 and cancer: Probiotics may also protect against cancer initiation by restoring epithelial barrier integrity [187]; reducing cellular proliferation, repressing COX-2, and increasing IFNγ and IL-10 [188,189]; decreasing proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-22, and IL-6) [181,190]; and increasing caspase 7, caspase 9, and Bcl-2-interacting killer protein [190].