BRAF and melanoma: Over the past decade (2010–2020), there have been significant improvements in the treatment options for advanced melanoma, particularly through the use of immunotherapy (e.g., programmed cell death 1, PD-1; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, CLTA-4) and targeted therapy (e.g., mitogen-activated protein kinase, MEK; B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase, BRAF), resulting in improved survival [7].