DNER and neoplasm: Immunovirotherapy is a new option for the treatment of NC patients as its approach may help to overcome the limitations of other therapeutic approaches [26]: (i) surgical resection often is impossible due to an early presence and rapid spread of metastases; (ii) during (neo-) adjuvant chemoradiation, tumor cells are able to escape apoptosis; and (iii) any initial response to BET inhibitors is followed early by the development of high-grade resistance [13,14,15].