CDKN1A and acute myeloid leukemia: In conclusion, we evaluated gene expression differences between refractory and responsive AML patient groups and determined that refractory AML patients showed significantly higher oncogenic MYC and WT1, metabolic IDH1 and pro-apoptotic DAPK1 gene expression and significantly lower cell-cycle-inhibitor CDKN1A (p21) gene expression both at diagnosis and after clinical treatment.