Moreover, previous studies indicated that chemotherapy of cancers induced an SIRT1/PGC-1α axis-dependent increase in OXPHOS that promoted tumor survival against chemotherapeutic drugs [12,36], suggesting that penfluridol exhibits the potential to increase the chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells, and this issue should be further investigated. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and non-small cell lung carcinoma.