Alone or in combination with SBRT, PD-1B, or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transfected tumor cell vaccine (GVAX), the co-stimulation of OX40 signaling with agonistic anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody (α-OX40) increases survival and tumor control in various preclinical models of breast cancer [20,21,22], glioblastoma [23,24], and lung cancer [25,26,27]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and neoplasm.