TKIs with specific activity against EGFR (erlotinib, gefitinib, and the EGFR/HER2-targeting lapatinib) and monoclonal antibodies that prevent EGFR-ligand binding (cetuximab and panitumumab) have been approved for use in a variety of EGFR-expressing malignancies, including NSCLC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and colorectal cancer. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.