ESRRA and infection: Although CSE stimulation alone only tends to reduce the ERRα protein in 16HBE cells compared to the medium control (p = 0.05), we did observe that Sp infection with CSE pre-stimulation significantly reduced the abundance of ERRα only compared to Sp infection alone (Figure 5h), implying the strong additive effects on mitochondrial biogenesis when CSE pre-exposed cells were infected with Sp.