LEP and Insulin resistance: A cluster of cytokines and adipokines have been involved in the interaction between osteocalcin and metabolic disorders such as adiponectin [24], adropin [25], leptin [26], and perilipin [27], etc. Previous studies have shown that osteocalcin was associated with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors such as body fat distribution [5], triglycerides [3], free fatty acid [28], hyperglycemia [3], and insulin resistance [29].