CASP1 and lupus nephritis: The results showed that β-hydroxybutyrate administration decreased the expression of caspase 1 and pyroptosis of proximal tubular cells after ischemia-reperfusion injury.335 Anakinra, a recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist attenuated kidney progression in mice with DN and IgA nephropathy, but not in lupus nephritis.336 Caspase inhibitor, M-920 inhibited caspase 1-dependent inflammasome activation and then ameliorated DN.337