Among them, KRAS has the greatest impact on cancer because it serves as a molecular switch which cycles between an inactive(GDP-bound “off”) state and an active (GTP-bound “on”) state.87,88 It controls the pathways that regulate cell growth under normal conditions, when KRAS gene is mutated to be permanently activated, normal RAS protein can not be produced which leads to abnormal cell proliferation and cancerization. Here, KRAS is linked to cancer.