However, whereas IM vaccination induced Immunoglobulin G (IgG) neutralizing antibodies and cleared infection of the respiratory tract, IN inoculations also induced IgA antibodies in the lungs and blood, and after two IN vaccinations neither SARS-CoV-2 nor subgenomic (sg) mRNAs were detected in the nasal turbinates or lungs at 2 or 5 d after challenge. This evidence concerns the gene CD79A and infection.