CPA1 and viral infectious disease: The WT mosquito midguts were heavily infected with both DENV2 (Fig 2J–2L) and ZIKV (Fig 2M–2O), whereas the transgenic midguts had much less staining of viruses; these results agreed with those obtained by plaque assay and IFA staining showed a similar pattern as observed in previous studies [7,25], demonstrating the viral infections were significantly inhibited in both CpA-Dcr2 and CpA-R2d2 transgenic mosquito midguts (Fig 2).