HMGB1 and infection: For instance, during adenoviral infection, HMGB1 mediates antiviral immune response, and is affected by the viral histone-like viral protein VII [63]; on the other hand, for the gamma-2 herpesviruses, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and murine gamma herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), HMGB1 supports the infection by activation of the viral immediate-early replication and transcription activator (RTA) [64].