Genetic studies to date have identified few syndromes associated with increased risk of SCC (including xeroderma pigmentosa, epidermolysis bullosa, Fanconi anaemia, oculocutaneous albinism and aging syndromes such as Werner syndrome), and BCC (Basal cell nevus syndrome), some higher risk genes which are primarily pigment related (MC1R, OCA2, HER2, TYR, ASIP, SCL45A2, IRF4) and HLA (HLADQA1).21, 22. Here, MC1R is linked to Werner syndrome.