CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To date, the emerging predictors for immunotherapy in NSCLC are still imperfect, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (Dempke et al., 2018) is thought to be induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ)- mediated immune responses and tumor mutational burden (TMB) (Klein et al., 2021) is reported to determine the tumor immunogenicity.