ASPM and urinary bladder cancer: For example, ASPM (Assembly Factor for Spindle Microtubules) facilitates the homologous recombination-mediated repair of DNA double-strand break (Xu et al., 2021), is essential for mitotic spindle function during cell replication, and plays a pivotal role in the invasiveness of bladder cancer and serves as a potential prognostic biomarker for them (Xu et al., 2019).